A Case of Study (Before)

Before Recording the Video

I pretended to encounter specific information and facts to understand the theories promoted by Vygotsky and Piaget about the cognitive development in children. I was pretty curious in knowing more than what the book provides. I was like scooping the information from every resourse that I was founding. First, I watched some interesting videos and read important files to observe in a practical way what Vygotsky and Piaget considered by their own researches. Then, I compare the theories by observing the children's reactions. Lev Vygotsky's Theory Piaget's Theory Vygotsky Vs. Piaget

How the brain grows, each stage shows how our perception of the world grows as well through the experience, environment, or simply, through the curiosity.

In here, we can observe how children perceive the environment. According to Vygotsky children learn the adults teach; they learn through the environment. Vygotsky confirms that children are influenced by the environment. In theory is acceptable, as it is in real life. We all already know that the house is called like that because our parents said that a house is the place where we live.

This other video shows how children learn by simply perceiving their environment by giving their own responses because for them the fact is what they think or consider. Each mature brain gives responses according to the capability they have. This idea comes from the Piaget's Theory; "cognitive development focuses on how learners interact with their environment to develop complex reasoning and knowledge," he says.

I continued reading and I found that the person who has been researched about the psychosocial development was Erik Erikson and his stages in trying to find and understand how the identity is formed while children are growing up to become adults Erik Erikson's STages. He provides the eight stages; one of which I pretend to link with the stages, toodler, early, mid childhood. What he argues is that people live in a constantly identity quest. As a matter of fact, I was interested in learn about the first fours stages; he states the Oral-sensory stage, which encompasses the first year of life. It is of vital importance for children to live in armony with their parents in order not to be in conflict the rest of their life. According to Erikson, during this stage children are in conflict between trust and mistrust."Infants during this time learn to trust their parents if they're reliably cared for and fed; if not, if they're neglected or abused, they'll develop mistrust instead. Infants at this stage either learn that they can trust others to fulfill their needs, or that they can't, that the world is a dangerous and unreliable place,"He says.

The second, third and fourth Stages are the ones I will study in this video.

• Muscular-anal Stage

For Erikson, during this stage children are in conflict between autonomy and shame and doubt. This stage corresponds to the Toodler Stage from 1 to 3-year-old child. He states that children need to be sure who they are and discover what they are capable to do, "to explore their surroundings and develop interests of their own help to foster a sense of autonomy. But parents who are too restrictive or cautious with their children can instead leave them with doubt about their abilities," he says.

• Locomotor Stage

According to Erikson, he says that children between the ages of 3-6 years old are in conflict between initiative and guilt. For instance, they have the capacity to start an activity; however, if they do not get what they expect, they would probably feel frustated or guilty for not reaching their expectation. He argues, " If they are not encouraged to do this, or if their efforts are dismissed, they may learn to feel guilt instead about their desire for independence." 

• Latency Stage

Erikson defines this stage like a conflict between industry and inferiority. At the ages of 6 and 12 year old, children have the capacity of reading, writing, and thinking logically. The way it is explained I consider it is true and observable in the reality. " If they're encouraged, they'll develop industry, or motivation to keep learning and practicing; they'll start to want to be productive instead of just wanting to play. Children who aren't encouraged to work hard at learning new skills will instead feel inferior and unmotivated." He says.

Wewill see then, how was the process in which I tried to go in pursuit of observing the reactions in children through conducting the Vygotsky's and Piaget's Theory.